![]() Several definitions of HF symptom perception are reported in the literature. Disagreements were resolved through discussion during monthly meetings throughout the review and extraction process. Data on each research question were summarised narratively by GCS and results were discussed with both reviewers and PSK. Examination revealed that data extracted in parallel were comparable for all the references. In total, 10% of manuscripts underwent parallel data extraction by independent reviewers. Data charting quality was assessed by dual extraction and charting. Articles were randomly assigned to three independent reviewers (GCS, ML, JG) for charting the data. Data were extracted using structured forms for each research question (see categories used for data extraction in the Supplementary files). Both reviewers independently labelled each included reference according to the related research question(s). Web-based software (Rayyan), 20 was employed to document and track the study selection process. Selected references underwent full text review to determine final inclusion. Two reviewers (GCS, ML) independently reviewed titles and abstracts of retrieved references and determined eligibility per inclusion/exclusion criteria without conducting a quality appraisal. References were imported into citation management software (Endnote X7.7.1, Clarivate Analytics) and duplicates were removed. Reviewing the available instruments for assessing symptom perception may help in measuring this construct. Understanding the factors influencing symptom perception may help identify patients at risk of poor symptom perception and develop tailored strategies for improving symptom perception. 7 Symptom perception needs to be operationalised. 6 Self-care in HF remains suboptimal worldwide. 5 In contrast, symptom recognition combined with appropriate responses decrease emergency room visits, HF hospitalisation and all-cause mortality. seeking care), 4 and prolonged hospitalisation. 1 Symptom perception is challenging for patients with HF, 2, 3 and failure to detect or interpret symptoms appropriately can result in inappropriate 3, 4 or delayed responses (e.g. 1 Symptom perception has been described as involving body listening, monitoring signs to detect physical sensations and recognising, interpreting and labelling symptoms. ![]() ![]() patient activities to maintaining physiological stability, perceiving and responding to symptoms). ![]() Symptom perception is a necessary antecedent of self-care management and has emerged as essential for effective heart failure (HF) self-care (i.e. All subjects Allied Health Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Emergency Medicine & Critical Care Endocrinology & Metabolism Environmental Science General Medicine Geriatrics Infectious Diseases Medico-legal Neurology Nursing Nutrition Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine Otolaryngology Palliative Medicine & Chronic Care Pediatrics Pharmacology & Toxicology Psychiatry & Psychology Public Health Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine Radiology Research Methods & Evaluation Rheumatology Surgery Tropical Medicine Veterinary Medicine Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Environmental Science Life Sciences Neuroscience Pharmacology & Toxicology Biomedical Engineering Engineering & Computing Environmental Engineering Materials Science Anthropology & Archaeology Communication & Media Studies Criminology & Criminal Justice Cultural Studies Economics & Development Education Environmental Studies Ethnic Studies Family Studies Gender Studies Geography Gerontology & Aging Group Studies History Information Science Interpersonal Violence Language & Linguistics Law Management & Organization Studies Marketing & Hospitality Music Peace Studies & Conflict Resolution Philosophy Politics & International Relations Psychoanalysis Psychology & Counseling Public Administration Regional Studies Religion Research Methods & Evaluation Science & Society Studies Social Work & Social Policy Sociology Special Education Urban Studies & Planning BROWSE JOURNALS ![]()
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